Human embryology & developmental biology: with student consult online access (4^th Ed.)

This thoroughly revised 4th edition offers both clear descriptions and explanations of human embryonic development based on all the most up-to-date scientific discoveries and understanding. Particular attention is paid to the fundamental aspects of molecular mechanisms in development, introducing you to major families of important developmental molecules. Clinical aspects of development are covered throughout in boxed sections of text. First-rate illustrations and Student Consult access, including online animations, complete this essential package.

Early Development and the Fetal-Maternal Relationship. Getting Ready for Pregnancy Gametogenesis Preparation of the Female Reproductive Tract For Pregnancy Hormonal Interaction Involved with Reproduction in Males. Transport of Gametes and Fertilization Ovulation and Egg and Sperm Transport Fertilization. Cleavage and Implantation Cleavage Embryo Transport and Implantation. Molecular Basis for Embryonic Development Transcription Factors Signaling Molecules Receptor Molecules Signal Transduction Retinoic Acid Developmental Genes and Cancer. Formation of Germ Layers and Early Derivatives Two-Germ-Layer Stage Gastrulation and the Three Embryonic Germ Layers Induction of the Nervous System Cell Adhesion Molecules. Establishment of the Basic Embryonic Body Plan Development of the Ectodermal Germ Layer Development of the Mesodermal Germ Layer Development of the Endodermal Germ Layer Basic Structure of 4-Week Old Embryo. Placenta and Extraembryonic Membranes Extraembryonic Tissues Chorion and Placenta Placental Physiology Placenta and Membranes in Multiple Pregnancies. Developmental Disorders: Causes, Mechanisms, and Patterns General Principles Causes of Malformations Developmental Disturbances Resulting in Malformations. Development of the Body Systems. Integumentary, Skeletal and Muscular Systems Integumentary System Skeleton Muscular System. Limb Development Initiation of Limb Development Regulative Properties and Axial Determination Outgrowth of Limb Bud Morphogenetic Control of Early Limb Development Development of Limb Tissues. Nervous System Establishment of Nervous System Early Shaping of Nervous System Histogenesis Within the Central Nervous System Craniocaudal Pattern Formation and Segmentation Peripheral Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System Later Structural Changes in the Central Nervous System Ventricles, Meninges, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Formation Cranial Nerves Development of Neural Function. Neural Crest Origins of Neural Crest Migrations of Neural Crest Differentiation of Neural Crest Cells Major Divisions of Neural Crest. Sense Organs Eye Ear. Head and Neck Early Development of Head and Neck Establishing the Pattern of the Craniofacial Region Development of Facial Region Formation of the Teeth Development of Pharynx and Its Derivatives. Digestive and Respiratory Systems and Body Cavities Digestive System Respiratory System Body Cavities. Urogenital System Urinary System Genital System Sexual Duct System External Genitalia. Cardiovascular System Developmental of Blood and the Vascular System Developmental and Partitioning of Heart Fetal Circulation. Fetal Period and Birth Growth and Form of Fetus Fetal Physiology Parturition Adaptations to Postnatal Life Overview. Answers to Clinical Vignettes and Review Questions. Index.

Undergraduates, and Medical Students in 1st and 2nd years